Abstract
The article describes formation and early stage of development of the Islamic economic thought. The author pays attention to the role of the Qur'an and the Sunnah in this process, and focuses on its characteristic features among which is an encyclopedical approach of early Muslim thinkers. The main part of the article is devoted to the views of the most brilliant theoreticians, who paid attention to economic issues, e.g. Abu Yusuf (731 798), Ibn Hazm (994 1064), Abu Hamid al-Ghazali (1058 1111), Ibn Taymiyyah (1263 1328), Ibn Qayyim (1292 1350), Ibn Khaldun (1332 1406 ). The reader gets an opportunity to get acquainted with the views of medieval Islamic scholars to various types of taxation, the role of government in the economy, pricing and the functions of money, the Islamic ban on usury, private property, etc.
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