З історії української діаспори: етнографічні студії Михайла Обідного в Україні та еміграції

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The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the activities of Myhailo Obidnyi in the ethnographic field, which can be divided into three stages: the beginnings of ethnographic studies in the Kuban; study of home construction in Prague; establishment of the Ethnographic Society and the Ethnographic Museum of Subcarpathian Rus in the town of Mukachevo in Transcarpathia. The source base of the research is non-actualized ethnographic works and correspondence, which enables the implementation of this task. It is summarized that the beginnings of M. Obidnyi’s ethnographic studies lead to the Kuban, where he, engaged in pedagogical activities, was interested in studying the region and conducted surveys among the local population. M. Obidnyi continued his ethnographic studies in exile in Czechoslovakia, where he studied house construction and defended his doctoral dissertation «Ukrainian house compared to the houses of the Western Slavs. Development from a one-part to a three-part establishment» at the M. Drahomanov Higher Pedagogical Institute. He made a report on the same topic at the Second Ukrainian Scientific Congress in Prague. It was found that the most productive ethnographic activity of M. Obidnyi was in Transcarpathia, where he moved due to his health. It was there that the scientist developed a program for collecting ethnographic material, wrote a number of scientific works on the topics of house construction, folk clothing and song creativity of Subcarpathian Rus. In particular, he prepared for publication a collection of Subcarpathian folk songs about Czech President Tomas Masaryk. The greatest merit of M. Obidnyi was the organization of the Ethnographic Society and the Ethnographic Museum of Subcarpathian Rus in Mukachevo and the training of young personnel in the field of ethnography. Therefore, the personality of M. Obidnyi as a political, public and cultural and educational figure, and his, in particular, ethnographic activity, can serve as a model of service to Ukraine for its diasporic present.