«Психопатология» повседневной жизни: к вопросу о нарциссизме и классификации нарциссических черт личности

Abstract

This work is devoted to an actual and debatable problem – the socio-psychological role of narcissism in the individualistic culture prosperity, as well as the cultural determination of narcissistic personality manifestation. The authors note that at present there is a need to investigate the phenomenon of narcissism precisely in its non-clinical form, which in modern society is becoming more prevalent, and acts as a psychopathology of everyday life. The work objective is to analyze the theories of narcissism and narcissistic personality traits in domestic and foreign psychology in accordance with cultural patterns of human behavior in modern society. The research methodology is based on the key principles of psychology: consistency, cultural determination, and the principle of the external influences and internal condition unity. The main study methods are theoretical analysis, comparison, and generalization. The article provides an overview of main definitions of the “narcissism” concept, gives an analysis of key theories and approaches to study narcissism in domestic and foreign psychology. The author’s reasoning originates from the works by Z. Freud, whom the first semantic concept of narcissism belongs, and then moves in two directions, as a personality disorder (O. Kernberg) and a personal process (H. Kohut). Particular attention is paid to considering narcissism as a mental norm socio-psychological phenomenon. A review of main classifications of narcissistic personality traits takes a separate place in the work. It has been shown that the narcissistic trait classifications, in general, include the most frequently cited traits of narcissistic personalities, both in the manual of mental disorders and in research on understanding narcissism in the context of personality changes within the mental norm. Based on theoretical research, the authors conclude that modern society supports the development of narcissistic traits and personality states, encouraging freedom of expression, belief in unlimited success, arrogant behavior, functionality and manipulative in relationships, etc.