РОЗРАХУНКОВІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ СЕРЕДНЬОГО РІЧНОГО СТОКУ ВОДИ ПРАВОБЕРЕЖНОЇ ТА ЛІВОБЕРЕЖНОЇ ЧАСТИН БАСЕЙНУ Р. ДНІСТЕР ДО М. ЗАЛІЩИКИ

Abstract

The Dniester River is the second longest and most watery river in Ukraine, which is characterized by heterogeneity and diversity of conditions for the formation of water flow, both in terms of its length and numerous tributaries. The right-bank and left-bank parts of the Dniester River basin are quite different in terms of physical and geographical conditions, drainage network density, water regime and river water content. The object of the study is the average annual water flow of the rivers of the Dniester River basin, the subject is its calculated characteristics of different probabilities of exceeding. The purpose of the study is to analyze, systematize, generalize and compare the calculated characteristics of the average annual water flow of rivers of the right-bank and left-bank parts of the Dniester basin. Input data is based on the average annual river water discharge from 50 stream flow measuring stations in the Dniester River basin (to Zalishchyky). The data bank was formed from the beginning of observations until 2016. 89% of 28 right-bank stream flow measuring stations have a continuous series of more than 50 years, and 86% of 22 left-bank stream flow measuring stations have a continuous series of observations of more than 50 years. As for the catchment areas of rivers in the closing areas, the right bank is dominated by small ones – 64% of 28 stations have an area of less than 500 km2 and 25% – from 500 to 1,000 km2. 37% of 22 stations on the left bank have a catchment area of less than 500 km2 and 41% – from 500 to 1,000 km2. According to statistical criteria, the series of observations of the average annual river water discharge in both parts were mainly homogeneous and representative. Analytical distribution curves were calculated by the method of moments, as the coefficients of variation do not exceed 0.50. Generalization and comparison of the calculated characteristics of the average annual water flow of different probabilities of exceeding the rivers of the right-bank and left-bank parts of the Dniester basin have shown that the smallest scatter of certain analytical ordinates is observed for the probability of exceeding 50%, the transition coefficients from the norm are close to 1. The greatest spread of variation of ordinates is observed at extreme probabilities of excess of distributions, that is 0,01 % and 99 %. Analysis of the ranges of variability of transition coefficients from the norm of average annual water consumption has shown that the intensity of their change in the region of rare probabilities (0.01, 0.1, 1 %%) on the left bank is more significant than on the right bank of the Dniester basin. As for low-water supplies (95, 97, 99 %%), their ranges of variability coincide in both studied parts.