Abstract
The presented article is devoted to the problem of cultural transfer during the translation of various discourses (artistic, scientific, technical and media discourse). It systematizes the views on translation after the «cultural turn», explains the emergence of the term of «translatology» as a science of translation in conjuction with ist extralingual reality and provides an interpretation of culture within this discipline. In addition, the idea of cultural translation as a hybrid space has been formed, with loyally coexisting representatives of different cultures. In contrast to multiculturalism, transculturalism is considered as a common phenomenon of cultural contamination in todayʼs globalized world. The article outlines realities and their types as culturally specific words and untranslatable terms, as well as explains the presence of respective concepts in a linguistic culture, the absence of which causes lacunae in other linguistic and conceptual pictures of the world. In literary translation, it is worth determining what to translate in order to spread own culture abroad and enrich the achievements of world literature, as well as taking into account artisticality in the work, because what is said is not always intended by the author. Translation problems in media discourse are represented by a large number of neoplasms, as this type of discourse responds quickly to world events and provides them with a description or evaluation. A separate factor in the transmission of culture is the media discourse as a discourse of manipulation causes specific translational difficulties. The article represents the peculiarities of culture transmission in the professional literature, which is reflected in terms of the legislation features and other social sectors of the nation.
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