Психологические детерминанты достижения первой ступени академической карьеры в системе высшего образования

Abstract

The main indicator of the achievement of the first stage in the academic career is the award of the PhD, which comes only from the evaluation of the research level of the applicant. Our research allowed us to create a psychological model of the subject of scientific research activity and highlight the specific psychological characteristics that form the personality of the beginning scientist. Previously, the requirements and assumptions of the individual were described, and this made it possible to consider a person as a subject of scientific research activity. However the psychological determinants were never defined. The nature of the requirements was related to the general mental processes, the possibilities and qualities of the individual, the internal specific conditionality of which was not disclosed. The work of by Е.А. Klimov on professionally oriented periodization allowed us to distinguish two phases of the development of research activities: «the phase of internality – the acquisition of professional experience» – training in graduate school and «the phase of skill – the qualified performance of work» – the requirements of standards and the defense of the candidate's thesis. The search for psychological determinants as an «internal condition» determining the transition from phase to phase was based on the theoretical and methodological approaches of Russian psychologists E.A. Klimov, N.M. Peysakhov, Y.A. Ponomarev, and S.L. Rubinstein. This made it possible to determine the block of psycho-diagnostic tools, a set of valid and reliable author's questionnaires, statistical data processing methods of high level of reliability.