Abstract
International and internal labor migration is the main source of livelihoods for many citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic. According to rough estimates, one third of the working-age population of the Kyrgyz Republic works abroad, in the host countries- the Russian Federation, Republic Kazakhstan, Turkey, USA, Italy, Korea, Germany, the United Arab Emirates and the United Kingdom. However, modern phenomena of labor migration are not exceptional, since the history of Central Asia has always been characterized by the movement of migrants, including internal and external, voluntary and forced, legal and illegal, permanent and temporary, ethnically or economically motivated migration. This article provides an overview of historical and contemporary migration processes with a particular focus on rural areas of the Kyrgyz Republic. It examines the opportunities and challenges faced by labor migrants and their non-migrant family members today. Results based on extensive fieldwork in the Kyrgyz Republic.
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