ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТУРИЗМА СЕВЕРО-ВОСТОКА БАШКОРТОСТАНА

Abstract

The problems of sustainable tourism development in the Republic of Bashkortostan on the example of the northeastern regions of the region are considered in the article and it suggests ways to solve them, primarily through the rational use of immovable cultural heritage, and also provides other recommendations aimed at solving the problems. The sustainable development of civilization, country, region has long been perceived as one of the main problems facing the world community as a whole, and specific national states, their regions, etc. The international community adopted an important document "Strategies for Sustainable Development for the period up to 2030" on September 25, 2015, which is aimed at transforming the world and it will determine the direction of development at the global, regional and national levels. President of Russia V.V. Putin already in 2006, approved the "Concept of the Transition of the Russian Federation to Sustainable development". Currently, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 474 dated 21.07.2020 "On the National Development Goals of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030" is in force, which defines the most important goals and solutions for the sustainable development of the country. Generally within the framework of sustainable development, the tourism and hospitality industry also needs a sustainable development strategy and this is recognized both at the international level and at the national level. Accordingly, at the international level – already in 1995, the "Agenda for the XXI century for the travel and Tourism industry" (Agenda 21 for the Travel and Tourism Industry) was developed. UNESCO formulated the Concept of Sustainable Tourism Development in 2004, according to which "the norms and practices of managing sustainable tourism development can be applied to all types of tourism and to all types of destinations, including mass tourism and various niches of tourist segments." In 2013, the Global Criteria for Sustainable Tourism for Destinations (GSTC-D) were introduced, representing a set of 37 voluntary standards. This is the minimum that any tourist business should strive for in order to protect and maintain natural and cultural resources. Sustainable tourism must also necessarily meet the needs of tourists and host regions. It is in this vein that the article proposes a set of steps for a more rational use of the tourist potential of the northeast of Bashkortostan.