Abstract
The purpose of the study is to identify the effectiveness of various types of fertilizers and biologics Bisolbifit on the yield and quality indicators of spring barley grain. Experiments were conducted in 2015-2017 in Ulyanovsk region. The soil of the experimental site is represented by leached Chernozem, heavy loam. The scheme of experience included two factors. Factor A-control; pre-sowing seed treatment with Bisolbifit; NPK in pure form at a dose of 15 kg of active substance per hectare; modified NPK (NPKm) at a dose of 15 kg of active substance per hectare; modified NPK (1/2 NPKm) at a dose of 7.5 kg of active substance per hectare. Factor B (background): zero-without fertilizers; pure ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) at a dose of 40 kg of active substance per hectare; modified ammonium nitrate (1/2 NH4NO3m) at a dose of 20 kg of active substance per hectare. Inoculation of seeds with a biological preparation was performed by semi-dry etching 1...2 days before sowing at a dose of 400...600 g per hectare of seeds. For the preparation of modified NPK and ammonium nitrate, the biological preparation Bisolbifit was used in a dose of 4 kg per 1 ton of fertilizers. The drug was applied to mineral fertilizer granules on the day of sowing. All types of fertilizers and biologics studied led to an increase in yield. The use of mineral fertilizers in pure form (untreated with biologics) increased the yield by 0.26...0.41 t/ha, modified – by 0.38...0.54 t/ha, biologics – by 0.06...0.19 t/ha, compared with the control (2.67 t/ha). The use of fertilizers and biologics increased the weight of 1000 grains – the best options were with modified NPK at a dose of 15 kg d. V./ha-49.4...53.0 g. the quality indicators of the studied agricultural practices did not have a significant impact. The highest payback of fertilizers by increasing the yield was recorded in the variant with pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Bisolbifit biologics and amounted to 7.7...11.4 kg/kg
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