РИНОК ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЇХ ВИРІШЕННЯ

Abstract

The study focuses on the changes in the structure of employment, unemployment rates, migration processes, as well as on the analysis of qualification requirements and skills that have changed under martial law. This will allow developing recommendations for the government, business, and educational institutions on effective strategies for adapting the labor market to new realities, ensuring employment stability, and stimulating the country's economic recovery. The purpose of the article is to comprehensively analyze the impact of crisis factors on the Ukrainian labor market, identify the main problems and trends that have arisen as a result of the war, and develop ways to address them. The results of the study show that the Ukrainian labor market has proved to be particularly sensitive to the changes caused by the hostilities that began in 2022. During this period, there was a pronounced reduction in the number of jobs, especially in non-budget sectors, and a rapid increase in unemployment. A significant decline in the number of employees was recorded in various industries, including the construction and real estate sectors. In contrast, some industries, such as agriculture, showed greater resilience, maintaining stable employment levels. Employers face challenges in recruiting staff, pointing to a lack of qualified candidates and their inadequate training. Among the key trends observed in the labor market in 2022-2023 are the growing demand for universal competencies, the importance of English language proficiency and artificial intelligence skills. The development of remote work has also become a significant factor affecting the employment and recruitment processes. In general, the labor market in Ukraine shows the ability to adapt and recover from the military turmoil, but continues to face a number of challenges that require focused attention and strategic intervention from the government, business, and educational institutions. This study aims to identify the key problems faced by the Ukrainian labor market and suggest possible solutions, which is important for the country's further economic recovery and development.