Соціально-психологічна адаптація зовнішньо переміщених українців у Німеччині

Abstract

Background: The problem of social and psychological adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians is extremely urgent today, as millions of citizens were forced to leave Ukraine as a result of the full-scale invasion. Given the differences in language, culture, religion, and administrative structure of the host countries, the problem of adaptation has become extremely acute for many. Without proper support and resources to help them integrate into their new communities, internally displaced persons may deal with a variety of challenges, including isolation, discrimination, and mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. This can make it difficult for them to rebuild their lives and achieve a sense of security and stability. Purpose: To identify the conditions that influence the successful psychosocial adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians. Methods: The theoretical method was aimed at studying scientific papers and articles on the topic of social and psychological adaptation. An empirical method was also used, which included the Methodology for Diagnosing Socio-Psychological Adaptation by K. Rogers and R. Diamond and a questionnaire of our own design aimed at studying the difficulties and problems faced by people in the new social environment. Results: In general, most of the respondents have average levels of indicators according to the Rogers and Diamond methodology for diagnosing social and psychological adaptation, but a low level of social adaptation, emotional comfort and striving to dominate was also found in some of the respondents. The analysis of our own questionnaire showed that the process of adaptation of externally displaced Ukrainians is influenced by such factors as language skills, access to medical services, government support, education and employment, and social and cultural environment. Conclusions: The results of the study revealed that although most of the respondents have average adaptation indicators, externally displaced Ukrainians experience a range of problems and need support and additional measures. Keywords: adaptation, social and psychological adaptation, externally displaced Ukrainians, integration, social environment