بررسی تناهی یا عدم تناهی عالم طبیعت از منظر فلسفه و کیهان‌‌شناسی جدید

Abstract

Finitude or infinitude of natural world has long attracted everyone (including scientists, philosophers and even general public) and, as we shall see in the present paper, it seems necessary to discuss the issue with regard to deeper mathematical and geometric outlooks that we know today and on the basis of broader physical (astrological and cosmological) knowledge which in newly available, although it has been discussed in detail, particularly in philosophy. Having provided an introduction to necessary terms and topics and a brief review of new cosmology, this paper puts forward most philosophers' famous proofs, who believe in finitude of natural world, and analyzes and criticizes them. The concern that natural world is anyway a possible being and cannot be infinitude can be alleviated by mathematical reasoning, that is, there is no problem if this infinitude is in one or more dimensions because we can always limit this world within a world with more dimensions. Some explanations are proposed on the standard model of cosmology and such issues as expansion of universe and point of big bang which apparently indicate finitude of the universe. The explanations means that the issue is not such a simple one and we now have no strong reason and evidence for finitude of the cosmos and should wait for new observational discoveries and information. No doubt, there can be an unbounded but limited set on the basis of a known condition in mathematics. This condition can be considered for natural world which can be unbounded but limited. Key words: natural world, limited, unlimited, cosmology, expansion of universe. [1] . Assistant professor of department of philosophy, Qom University [2] . Associate professor of department of physics, Qom University [3] . MA of philosophy, Qom University