Local probes strongly favor ΛCDM against power-law and Rh = ct universe**Supported by National Natural Science Fund of China (11603005, 11775038, 11647307, 11675182, 11690022)

Abstract

We constrain three cosmological models – the concordance cold dark matter plus cosmological constant (ΛCDM) model, the power-law (PL) model, and the Rh = ct model – using the available local probes, which include the JLA compilation of type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the direct measurement of the Hubble constant (H(z)), and the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). For the ΛCDM model, we consider two different cases, i.e. zero and non-zero spatial curvature. We find that by using the JLA alone, the ΛCDM and PL models are indistinguishable, but the Rh = ct model is strongly disfavored. If we combine JLA+H(z), the ΛCDM model is strongly favored over the other two models. The combination of all three datasets supports ΛCDM as the best model. We also use the low-redshift (z<0.2) data to constrain the deceleration parameter using the cosmography method, and find that only the ΛCDM model is consistent with cosmography. However, there is no strong evidence to distinguish between flat and non-flat ΛCDM models by using the local data alone.