Abstract
In this review of the literature, the problem of pregnancy and childbirth in extragenital diseases such as congenital heart defects in pregnant women has been considered. Due to the fact that understanding of the physiology of pregnancy has become more advanced in recent years, the possibilities for conservative and surgical treatment have expanded and hemodynamic correction in heart defects is possible, this work presents the most relevant information on modern management tactics for these patients using examples of the most common types of heart defects: open ductus arteriosus, coarctation of the aorta, stenosis of the mouth of the aortic valve, and tetralogy of Fallot. Special attention was paid to the safety of pregnancy and childbirth, in the event of a surgical correction of heart defects, which was performed earlier. In addition, the article explains why heart defects are often detected during pregnancy and how an undetected defect that has been latent all this time can decompensate due to changes in hemodynamic in a woman's body, which can be dangerous for both the mother and the fetus. The article also focuses on the most reliable and effective methods for diagnosing heart defects in pregnant women and draws a clear parallel between normal pregnancy and pathological pregnancy. Reflects on aspects of improving management strategies for patients at various stages, including planning for preterm delivery, pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum care, based on data from WHO, the Russian Society of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology. According to literary sources, the problem relevance of the presented is confirmed in obstetrics and gynecology, as well as in cardiology practice. According to sources cited, the view on these pathologies can be revised.
Published Version
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