Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolically determined and alimentary-dependent disease, therefore, the study of nutrition and vitamin supply in patients with NAFLD is extremely important for its treatment and prevention. Objective. To study the dietary pattern and vitamin intake in patients with NAFLD compared to patients without NAFLD and other liver diseases. Patients and methods. A retrospective analysis of a database of patients (n = 613) generated from 2021 to 2023 was performed. A total of 77 pairs of patients with and without NAFLD and other liver diseases were selected by sex, age, and body mass index. The stage of liver steatosis and fibrosis was assessed using vibration-controlled transient elastography with a controlled attenuation parameter. Actual nutrition was assessed using the frequency method in the format of a personal interview. Blood biochemistry testing, including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism parameters, was conducted. Results. It was found that energy, protein, and carbohydrate intake did not differ between the patient groups. More fat intake was revealed in the NAFLD group (91.9 ± 39.3 g/day vs. 80.3 ± 39.4 g/day; p = 0.01). Patients with NAFLD consumed more vitamin A than patients in the control group (988.1 ± 406 mcg/day vs. 949.9 ± 767.2 mcg/day; p = 0.03), thiamine (1.4 ± 0.6 mcg/day vs. 1.3 ± 0.6 mcg/day; p = 0.004), riboflavin (1.9 ± 0.8 mcg/day vs. 1.7 ± 0.8 mcg/day; p = 0.007), folate (320.5 ± 123.5 mcg/day vs. 298.9 ± 138.5 mcg/day; p = 0.03), pyridoxine (1.9 ± 0.8 mg/day vs. 1.7 ± 0.9 mg/day; p = 0.03), pantothenic acid (4.7 ± 1.9 mg/day vs. 4.4 ± 2.1 mg/day; p = 0.046), choline (206.2 ± 119.6 mg/day vs. 159.9 ± 110.8 mg/day; p = 0.004), vitamin D (1.2 ± 0.8 mcg/day vs. 0.9 ± 0.8 mcg/day; p = 0.01), niacin (19.2 ± 8.6 mg/day vs. 17.2 ± 7.6 mg/day; p = 0.01). Inadequate intake of β-carotene, thiamine, cobalamin, folate, choline, vitamin D and vitamin E in patients with NAFLD was found. Conclusion. The dietary intake in the examined groups of patients is insufficient in terms of vitamin supply, which presumably contributes to the development of NAFLD. Key words: vitamin status, dietary pattern, assessment of actual nutrition, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Published Version
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