Abstract
The methodological aspects of research of the electoral process as one of the largest concepts of political science. This democratization trend is interpreted as leading world and domestic political process and the political-cultural factor as one of the decisive factors of the election process.Most studies of the electoral process in some way related to the search of objective factors that decisively influence the outcome of elections. Such factors within the sociological approach B. Berelson, P. Lazarsfeld, S. Lipset, S. Rokkan include societal schisms that are caused by the activities of special political elites within sociopsychological approach considers O. Meleshkina party identification, rational economic models A. Dauns, M. Fiorina, V. Nechayev consider factors such individuals attempt to minimize their costs and their aspirations to assess their social and economic situation in the future or in retrospect. Recently, researchers electoral process more attention to regional specifics vote initiating a regional approach (V. Kolosov, R. Turovskyy, N. Petrov, V. Lisnychyy). Continue to be the focus of researchers effects of electoral systems analyzed in the institutional approach (M. Dyuverzhe, R. Taahepery, M. Shuharta, V. Lysenko, H. Holosova). T. Kolton put forward a comprehensive performance version of various factors in the electoral process by offering synthetic approach. However, the study of the electoral process for political scientists still remains the focus of political analysis, conceptual and methodological framework and research tools which are designed not fully. Scientific approaches in this area of research is distinguished by a certain eclecticism and imperfection. In fact, the main method in modern studies ofelectoral processes is critical multyplitsyzm. Thus almost all cases the empirical and normative instruments. Political and cultural factor is the litmus test that defines the main vector of the electoral process and the objective is prevailing over other factors such as the influence of other factors can be neutralized him much. In determining influence political and cultural factors in the electoral process pointed out by Platons treatise «The State» where he analyzes various aspects of the elections: requirements and as candidates for elective office, the election procedure and its social significance. Methodological basis of electoral research can be used as a general and special methods used in political sciences. Promising directions for further research of the electoral process should be considered a comprehensive development concept «electoral culture» in structural and functional terms.
Published Version
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