Уникальный купольный дом

Abstract

The definition of the domed house is given. Its obvious advantages in comparison with the house in the form of a parallelepiped are revealed. It is shown that the domed house surpasses the usual parallelepiped house in almost all considered parameters: the internal volume of the house, strength, heat loss, construction materials consumption, construction speed, financial costs, natural lighting, air aeration inside the building, climate and seismic resistance, appearance. Comparison of the main types of domes of a dome house is made: geodesic, stratodesic and monolithic concrete, which determine the technology of erecting a domed house. The four main technologies for building domed houses that are used in construction are described: dome construction based on a geodetic sphere, erecting a house on the basis of a pneumoframe, domed house on the basis of fixed formwork and the technology of erecting a domed house, which is a prefabricated construction of the factory production of water. Comparative characteristics of the methods for erecting a domed house are given, advantages and disadvantages of each method of building a domed house are described. The negative moments in the construction and operation of the domed house are determined: the complexity of dome calculations, the lack of practice of dome construction, the large amount of building materials waste, the use of non-standard doors, windows, furniture, the unusualness and fear of owners of a domed house in a unique house. Practical recommendations for eliminating flaws in the domed house are indicated: purchase of finished projects, attraction to construction of a dome house of professional builder. Conclusions are made about the prospects of domed houses due to their capacity and stability, geometric symmetry of shapes and strength, speed of erection and uniqueness for any region of Russia.