Акушерські та перинатальні аспекти вагітності і пологів у самотніх жінок

Abstract

A clear tendency to increase the number of pregnancies and childbirth in single women has become a characteristic medical, social and psychological problem in modern obstetrics. Over the past decade, the number of births in single women has doubled in Ukraine. The objective: assess the impact of psychological and social factors on the course of pregnancy and childbirth, the state of newborns in single women. Materials and methods. Conducted clinical and statistical analysis of the subjects, studied the course and complications of pregnancy and childbirth, the state of newborns. The main group – 110 single mothers and their newborns, control group – 110 married mothers and their newborns. Results. The article presents data on the course of pregnancy and childbirth depending on the marital status of women. The average of single women was 29.3±0.5 years, married – 23.7±0.6 years; among the lone 24.5% women are over 30 years old. In 73.6% of women in the main group pregnancy is unplanned, which is 3 times higher than that of the control group. It was detected in 71.8% of single women suffering a somatic anamnesis and 64.5% – burdened gynecological anamnesis, which causes high of placental dysfunction (60%), of the threat of abortion (47.2%). The high cardiovascular diseases (23.6%) and diseases of the genitourinary system (20%) in single women causes a 4 times higher level of preterm labor compared to married (7.2% and 1.8% respectively). In 30% of single women, childbirth was completed by cesarean section, which is 2.8 times higher than married (10.9%). In the main group, fetal distress was found to be 14.9%, which is 1.6 times more often than the control group (9.3%). Maternal traumatism was observed in 55.4% of single pregnant women, which is 2 times that of the control group. Complications of the postpartum period in single mothers are found to be 18.7%, which is 3 times more often than the married ones. Conclusion. Lonely women constitute high-risk groups for the development of obstetric and perinatal complications, due to a number of medical and social causes. Key words: pregnancy and childbirth, single women, perinatal complications.