ДНК-диагностика генов многоплодия у романовских овец и классификация пород по мутациям плодовитости

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the carriage of mutations responsible for multiple fertility in Romanov sheep. The data on the occurrence of genotypes, normal and mutant alleles in BMP-15 and MPR1B loci are given. Of the five previously identified mutations in the BMP-15 locus and the generated new DNA sites (FecXG [391 (C-T)], FecXH 544 (C-T), FecXI [579 (T-A)], FecXL [635 (G-A)], FecXB [773 (G-T)]), polymorphism was detected only in the FecXG locus. The results obtained at the FecXG locus were presented as two genotypes: homozygote from normal (WW) and heterozygote (WM), involving normal (W) and mutant (M) alleles. The remaining four loci were homozygous for the wild-type or normal allele (W). The spectrum of observed genotypes at the BMP-15 locus was as follows: WW (n=35), WM (n=13), mutant genotype (MM) carriers were absent. The frequency of occurrence of the normal W allele was high (0,8646), whereas the mutant allele was small (0,1354). No genetic equilibrium disorder was found at the FecXG locus ( χ2 =1,18; df=1; p>0,05). No polymorphism was found for the GDF9 gene in the Romanov sheep breeds studied. Whereas, at the BMPR1B locus (FecB) it is present as homozygotes for the normal (W) allele and heterozygotes (WM) for the normal and mutant alleles. The occurrence by genotype with normal alleles (WW=34) was maximum, while the heterozygous genotype (WM=14) was 2,4 times less. Based on the obtained data, as well as a number of literature sources, we propose a classification of sheep breeds according to the occurrence of multiple mutations.