Структурная трансформация национальной экономики России в целях устойчивого экономического роста

Abstract

Subject/topic. The problems of the research topic are caused by the increasing tension in the world associated with the destruction of economic ties between countries, the emergence of new challenges for the national economy of both endogenous and exogenous nature. The analysis of structural changes in the economy must be evaluated annually to determine the current state and the vector of further development. Goals/objectives. The purpose of the study is to identify such structural changes in the national economy that would ensure its sustainable economic growth and economic security. Methodology. The methodology of the research was a systematic approach, in which historical, logical research methods, methods of analogy, comparison and statistical data processing were used. Results. The structural changes of the national economy associated with a number of tasks are identified: increasing manufacturing industries in the GDP structure within the framework of import substitution; increasing the share of costs in national income for R&D, high-tech industries, for the development of innovations, «smart industries», «green» technologies; increasing the income of the population by improving the quality of human capital and effective demographic policy in order to increase the population; stimulating domestic consumer demand. The presented tasks cannot be solved without the formation of a favorable institutional environment, which requires certain innovations and adjustments. Conclusions/significance. The novelty of the scientific research consists in determining the possible proportions of the national economy in the GDP structure for economic growth and development in the conditions of modern instability of the external environment of Russia. Application. The presented results in the form of changes in the structure of GDP for the near future and long-term development can be useful to the authorities for the development of economic policy of the state.