Abstract
The article examines the ways and options for the possible development of critical thinking among students of various universities when studying social and humanitarian disciplines. Emphasis is placed on the importance of the ability to think critically and make the right choice in any difficult life situation. In this case, the emphasis is on medical students. The article discusses the points of view of various researchers dealing with this problem. Of particular interest are the studies in this area by I.V. Mushtavinskaya, S.I. Zair-Bek, I.O. Zagashev, who present in detail and thoroughly the technology for the development and formation of critical thinking, pointing out the importance and necessity of such thinking in students. The main attention is paid to the possibilities of developing critical thinking in the study of philosophy. The various methods used by the authors are shown –discussions on ethical and socially significant topics, writing of essays on existential problems, educational conferences, for example, on the philosophy of New Kazakhstan, with students as speakers, round tables on the problems of finding the meaning of life or euthanasia, and much more. Attention is drawn to the development of cognitive tasks that allow students to carry out their own search and come to independent conclusions and decisions. Such tasks can be an original text that requires comprehension, an ethical dilemma, or a situational task. Based on practical experience, the authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to include a critical component in the teaching of social and humanitarian disciplines in all higher educational institutions, regardless of the profile.
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