ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ КРИТИЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ ЯК ЗАСІБ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ПРОЦЕСУ НАВЧАННЯ ГЕОГРАФІЇ

Abstract

The article highlights the methodical aspects of using technology for the development of students' critical thinking in lessons as a means of modernizing the process of teaching geography in general secondary education institutions. Emphasis is placed on the importance of critical thinking to prevent threats and risks of the information society. The presence of critical thinking is defined as the main condition for countering attempts to manipulate consciousness, disinformation, information attacks and wars, which are not uncommon in the modern information space. The history of the emergence of technology for the development of critical thinking, the development of its conceptual foundations by US scientists is briefly analyzed, as well as the state of research on the problem in Ukraine is outlined. The essence, characteristic features and parameters of critical thinking, its meaning, as well as the features of a person who possesses critical thinking are revealed. It is noted that the development of students' critical thinking is a priority task of the modern education system, which is reflected in the State Standard of Basic Secondary Education in terms of key competencies and comprehensive skills. The main attention is paid to the methodology of applying various methods and techniques for the development of critical thinking in the process of teaching geography. It is emphasized that the method of development of critical thinking involves the formation of students' ability to analyze information, formulate conclusions, express their own position, present arguments, solve problems, and make decisions. The main stages of a geography lesson with the use of technology for the development of critical thinking are outlined: challenge, comprehension, reflection. The didactic possibilities of debates and discussions, problem tasks, interactive methods of discussing debatable issues and situational modeling in the process of developing students' critical thinking in geography lessons are considered. It was concluded that the application of technologies for the development of critical thinking in the process of teaching geography will allow students to better understand the essence of geographical phenomena and processes, learn geographical laws, understand the problems of the modern world and realize the practical significance of geographical knowledge.