Ретроспективный анализ малоинвазивных методик лечения нервно-мышечных заболеваний пищевода (ахалазии кардии, кардиоспазма)

Abstract

Most neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus (achalasia of the cardia, cardiospasm) lead to a decrease in the quality of life of patients, leading to symptoms such as difficulty in passing solid and liquid food through the esophagus (dysphagia 1-4 degrees), regurgitation, in some cases chest pain, with severe coughing and weight loss. The etiology remains unknown. Currently, there is no single standard for the treatment of patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus. This work was carried out in order to assess the immediate and long-term results of surgical treatment of patients with neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus. The article presents an analysis of the results of repeated operations in 34 patients after surgical treatment of achalasia of the cardia and cardiospasm, conducted on the basis of the oncological department №2 of the RCOD (Kazan) and thoracic department №2 of the RCH of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan. Total on the basis of the oncology department № 2 of the RCOD (Kazan) and Thoracic Department №2 of the RCH of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan performed 353 minimally invasive surgical interventions for neuromuscular diseases of the esophagus (achalasia of the cardia and cardiospasm). The data of patients depending on gender, age and data of patients who needed and did not need repeated endosurgical treatment are presented. The 20-year experience of surgical treatment with the use of minimally invasive techniques in patients diagnosed with Achalasia of the cardia and cardiospasm was evaluated. The causes of relapses in both achalasia of the cardia and cardiospasm are analyzed, and the long-term results of repeated operations are presented.