ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО СОРТОВ СОИ ИЗ МИРОВОЙ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЕВЕРНОГО КАЗАХСТАНА

Abstract

The article summarizes the results of a long-term study of soybean varieties from the world collection in the North of Kazakhstan, in the Kostanay region on the experimental fields of LLP "SKOS "Zarechnoye". In the period from 2020 to 2022, about 250 varieties of various ripeness groups from the world soybean collection were screened. An assessment of their ability to form a crop in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan was carried out. Full filling of seeds during the years of research of the collection was achieved in most cases by cultivars created by breeders of the northern countries of the world, since they have low photoperiodic sensitivity, are not oppressed by low temperature, but at the same time are sensitive to excess precipitation. The protein content in the seeds of the studied soybean samples belonging to the precocious group varies from 37.8 to 41.1%. The highest indicator is in the Hay Hek variety 14 (41.1%). But among all the numbers of the collection, the leading indicators are: 126/1, 186/1, Zlata and Pitket K6298, respectively 44.2%, 44.3%, 44.5 and 45.4%. The high protein content in soybean seeds can be explained by their high ability to symbiotic nitrogen fixation. The studied gene pool has been characterized by a number of characteristics and can serve as a valuable source material for the creation of varieties recommended for cultivation in the North of Kazakhstan.