Abstract
The article presents the characteristics of linear evaluation of exterior of the first calving heifers of different lineage in the conditions of dairy complex of Beck+ LLP located in the Fyodorov district of the Kostanay region. Three experimental groups of cows were formed based on the different lineage of their first calving: Vis Back Ideal, Reflection Sovereign, and Osborndale Ivanhoe. The assessment of first-calving cows' exterior traits was conducted using 24 indicators and 9-point scale from day 30 to day 150 of lactation. Throughout the study, cows from the Vis Back Ideal and Reflection Sovereign lines demonstrated their superiority in overall body conformation, dairy type, and limb structure compared to their herd mates from the Osborndale Ivanhoe line. Across most of the evaluated traits such as hip height, rear width, udder depth, udder attachment, and hind leg posture, first-calving cows from the Vis Back Ideal line exhibited an advantage over those from the Reflection Sovereign and Osborndale Ivanhoe lines. A comprehensive evaluation of exterior traits was conducted, revealing that first-calving cows from the Vis Back Ideal and Reflection Sovereign lines are classified as "good," while their herd mates from the Osborndale Ivanhoe line are classified as "satisfactory." These finding confirm that servicing bulls significantly influence the expression of linear exterior traits in offspring.
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