INFLUENCE OF PLANTS MINERAL NUTRITION ON PROTEIN CONTENT IN SOYBEAN SEEDS

Abstract

The effect of prolonged use of mineral fertilizers on the supply of plants with nutrients and protein content in soybean seeds, on seasonally permafrost soils of the Amur Region was studied. The studies were carried out in a long stationary experiment of five-field crop rotation with 40% saturation of soybeans and 60% with cereals (oats and wheat).It was found that, on average, for five years, the introduction of N30P60 before sowing as a result of prolonged use of the organo-mineral fertilizer system led to an increase in protein content in soybean seeds by 0.4% relative to this parameter in control, without fertilizer. A substantially close correlation was found between the protein content in soybean seeds and the amount of precipitation and Selianinov’s Hydrothermal coefficient of moisture during the stages of bean formation - full seed (R = 0.841 - 0.928, with Rcrit. = 0.754).In this regard, to increase the content and accumulation of protein in soybean seeds, strict observance of the sowing dates of soybean varieties is necessary so that the period of growth plants formation of beans - full seed held in a favorable hydrothermal regime. Under such conditions, the use of nitrogen - phosphorus mineral fertilizers in a long experience ensured the biological productivity of soybeans from 4.1 to 4.4 t / ha, depending on the level of plant nutrition with N and P. There was only a tendency towards an increase in seed yields and protein collection per unit of the sown area when phosphate fertilizers were added at a dose of 60 kg/ha.