부모와 자녀의 행복감과 그릿, 학업무기력, 학업열의, 학업성취 간 관계

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of this study is to verify the structural relationship between happiness and grit of parents and children, academic helplessness, academic engagement, and academic achievement through multi-group analysis across genders.
 Methods Using the 1st and 3rd year data of the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 of the Korea Youth Policy Institute, a structural equation model analysis was conducted on 2,095 middle school students and their parents without missing values. Furthermore, the short and long-term effects of happiness and grit were verified in the relationship between happiness and grit of parents and children on the academic achievement of the 1st grade of middle school(simultaneous effect) and the academic achievement of the 3rd grade of middle school(delayed effect).
 Results First, parents' happiness and grit in both groups showed positive effects on their children's happiness and grit. Second, children's grit had a negative effect on academic helplessness and a positive effect on academic engagement in both groups. Third, it was found that the happiness and grit of children in both groups had a significant effect on the academic achievement in the 1st and 3rd grades of middle school by mediating academic helplessness and academic engagement. The path difference between groups was significantly confirmed in the path of children's happiness on academic helplessness and the path of the academic achievement of the 1st grade of middle school on academic achievement of the 3rd grade of middle school.
 Conclusions As children's happiness and grit in the first grade of middle school are identified as factors that continuously affect not only their 1st grade but also their 3rd grade of middle school, it suggests the need for various educational measures to improve their happiness and grit.