ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МІЖРЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ У ГОЛОВНОМУ МОЗКУ БІЙЦІВ ІЗ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗКОВИМИ ТРАВМАМИ ПРИ ЗДІЙСНЕННІ ПРОСТОЇ СЕНСОМОТОРНОЇ РЕАКЦІЇ

Abstract

This study involved 16 male volunteers, right-handers, ages 18-21, without complaints of health – students of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (control group) and 16 male volunteers, right-handers, aged 27-43, military men who took part in the operations in the east of Ukraine and have craniocerebral injuries (ССI), later – military men with CCI – patients of the Yu. I. Kundiyeva Institute for occupation health NAMS of Ukraine, Kiev. EEG-study, coherent analysis and analysis of brain activity dipoles showed that in the realization of a simple sensorimotor reaction in the control group, the processes of target detection, mental imagery and planning of the motor response, organizing and performing movements that were consistent with the basic processing of visual information, dorsal and ventral visual streams and the integration of separate elements into a integral image. At the same time, verbal decision-making processes, executive control and coordination of behavior were also involved, based on the processing of current sensory information. Thus, the control groups were matched with coordinated front-parietal neural networks of different scales for the target detection, planning and execute volitional movements with the dominant control of the frontal cortex. In the military men with CCI, an interhemispheric relationship was found in the sensorimotor cortex with the dominant role in the realization of a simple sensorimotor reaction of the visual and parietal cortical areas. Since there were no significant differences in the latent periods of simple sensorimotor reaction between the control group and the group of military men with CCI, it can be assumed that the loss of front-parietal interaction in the military men with CCI was compensated for its realization by more effective inclusion of cortical brain zones associated with verbal processes of semantic analysis of visual information, which came mainly from the dorsal visual stream. In this case, instead of the higher control of such reaction from the frontal cortex, the control of the motor response may be assumed by the higher associative zones of the parietal cortex.