Abstract
B a c k g r o u n d . Human physical health depends on the body's ability to adjust (adapt) to the conditions of the external environment, while maintaining normal functional parameters of all physiological systems. The urgent mechanism of such adaptation is carried out by a humoral and reflex way, however, this process is personified by the somatotype of a person. Therefore, determining the component composition of the body and somatotype allows to individualize the ways to prevent certain diseases, to choose effective treatment tactics, as well as to predict the effectiveness of the treatment. The purpose of the study is to establish the ability of females of different somatotypes, who are residents of lowland areas of the Zakarpattia region, to adapt to physical work in the anaerobic mode of energy supply. M e t h o d s . 118 healthy females aged 16 to 20, residents of lowland areas, participated in the study. To assess the ability to perform physical work on a cycle ergometer in anaerobic mode, we using the Wingate anaerobic test described by Yu.M. Furman et al. We also measured the capacity of anaerobic lactic processes according to the method of Shögy A., Cherebetin G. The somatotype was determined by the Heath-Carter method. R e s u l t s . The examined females, residents of lowland areas, were represented by 5 somatotypes: ectomorphic, endomorphic, endomesomorphic, mesoectomorphic, and balanced. The largest number of individuals were of balanced (34.7 %) and endomesomorphic (32.2 %) somatotype, the smallest of ectomorphic (10.2 %) and mesoectomorphic (9.3 %) somatotype. In individuals with an endomesomorphic somatotype, the average value WAnT 10 rel. (40.25±1.23 kgm·min-1·kg-1) significantly exceeds the average value of females only of the endomorphic (37.1±0.65 kgm·min-1·kg-1) somatotype. At the same time, the average value of WAnT 10 rel. in representatives of the balanced (40.5±1.28 kgm·min-1·kg-1) somatotype significantly (р<0.05) exceeds the value of females of the endomorphic somatotype by 9.2 % and those of the ectomorphic somatotype (37.4±0, 76 kgm·min-1·kg-1) by 8.2 %. It is worth noting that the lowest average values of WAnT 30 rel. are observed in representatives of lowland areas of ectomorphic (35.4±0.72 kgm·min-1·kg-1) and endomorphic (35.7±0.96 kgm·min-1·kg-1) somatotypes, which do not differ from each other (p>0.05). The highest average values of WAnT 30 rel. in residents of the lowland areas were found in females of the endomesomorphic (39.0±1.03 kgm·min-1·kg-1) and balanced (39.33±0.89 kgm·min-1·kg-1) somatotypes, which are significantly higher (by 6 %) than the values of the representatives of the mesoectomorphic somatotype, and higher than the values of representatives of the ectomorphic and endomorphic somatotype (by 11 % and 10 %, respectively). C o n c l u s i o n s . Anaerobic productivity of females from Transcarpathia is related to somatotypological features of the body. There are gender differences in the adaptation of young people to physical work of anaerobic orientation depending on the somatotype. Among girls living in lowland areas, endomesomorphs and individuals with a balanced somatotype exhibit the highest capacity of anaerobic alactate and lactate energy supply processes for muscle work, and ectomorphs have the lowest capacity.
Published Version
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