ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ПРАЦІ В УКРАЇНСЬКОМУ ТА СВІТОВОМУ ВИМІРАХ

Abstract

The article identifies the main areas of micro- and macro-level, which are affected by labor productivity, reflects the main indicators of labor productivity at the macro level and gives a list of methods for assessing them. In particular, methods based on product methods (depending on the product range and method of production) and those based on organizational methods (depending on productivity management tools) are systematized. Labor productivity in Ukraine and the world is also analyzed through the prism of such indicators as GDP per employee and GDP per hour worked. In particular, Ukraine's rating among European countries in terms of absolute and dynamic indicators (growth rate) is reflected. Ukraine lags significantly behind the highly developed countries of the world in terms of labor productivity and deteriorating positions among European (penultimate place) and post-Soviet countries (ahead of only Moldova and Uzbekistan). The leader of the world ranking in terms of labor productivity (Ireland) was identified and the circle of countries that have chosen a similar development strategy was outlined. It is graphically shown that in a short period of time the country is able to significantly increase the level of labor productivity (proved by the example of Ireland, Norway, Luxembourg, Romania etc.). This reflects the dynamics of modern leading countries in terms of productivity growth over almost forty years since 1970. A comparative analysis of Ukraine with the post-Soviet countries and identified leaders and outsiders in the field of labor productivity. The forecast of growth of labor productivity for the countries of the post-Soviet space for 2020-2024 on the indicator of GDP on one employment is reflected. The experience of other countries in increasing labor productivity in the country and the role of specialized government agencies (labor productivity centers in Singapore, Kazakhstan, Japan, Germany etc.) and government programs (Kazakhstan's national strategy "Productivity 2020") are summarized. At the same time, the main reasons for the low level of labor productivity in Ukraine are identified, and the conclusion that it is quite difficult to predict potential changes in labor productivity in Ukraine is substantiated, which is confirmed by the mathematical model.