Речевой жанр «благодарность» в алтайском языке

Abstract

This article deals with the etiquette speech genre “gratitude” in the Altai language. The article aims to establish and describe categorical universal and nationally specific features of the speech genre “gratitude” in the Altai language. Categorical signs of gratitude are analyzed in line with psychological, social and communicative paradigms. The article describes the national and cultural aspects of the speech genre “gratitude” in various cultures (English, German, Chinese and Russian). The empirical basis of the study was the utterances extracted from recordings of the spoken discourse of the Altaians. We recorded 33 episodes of spoken discourse of native speakers of the Altai language presented by different ages and genders living in Ulagan, Ust-Kansk, Ongudai and Kosh-Agach districts, which helped us to record different ways of using phrases of gratitude in natural speech. A universal property of gratitude in the Altai language is the expression of feelings to the interlocutor in connection with their good deed. In our opinion, gratitude in the Altai culture has a similar cycle with other linguistic cultures. You did something good – I was emotionally touched by it – I expressed my gratitude for it. A nationally specific feature of the structure of gratitude in the Altai language is the connection with benevolence: You did something good/pleasant for me – I was emotionally touched by it – I thanked you – I wished something good to you. Addressor + addressee + reason + thanksgiving + benevolence. It is typical for the Altai people to thank the surrounding space, which shows the national and cultural distinctness of this nation. The article dexribes the propositional structure of gratitude in the Altai language: the length of thanksgiving (the length of phrases varies), standard and frequent phrases, rremarks used as replies, universal and free benevolence of “alkysh”.