Влияние морфологических признаков на урожайность сортов ярового ячменя в условиях степи Оренбургского Предуралья

Abstract

Terms of plant water availability during the growing season of barley promote the wide variability in the size of plant organs of modern barley varieties of Orenburg breeding. In favorable conditions, the spring barley varieties form tall crops, long stems and large ears. Tall crops are typical to Armilid, Orenburgskiy 11, Orenburgskiy 17, Pervotselinnik and T 12 varieties. In dry conditions, there is a noticeable decrease in the value of the morphological features of the barley plants. The greatest advantage over the standard one according to the length of stem and ear in drought conditions was observed in Pervotselinnik varity. Mathematical analysis revealed a close relationship between the productivity of spring barley varieties on morphological characters sizes. Analysis of the graphs showed, that with an increase in plant height, stem length and ear length, an increase of the productivity is observed in the range of parameters studied morphological traits of modern spring barley varieties. The optimal parameters for the plant height of spring barley make up 82-88 cm; ear length - 8,5-9,7 cm; stem length - 75-80 cm; stem length ration to ear - 10,00-10,50 units. These values of morphological characters allow to obtain a high yield in the steppes of Orenburg Ural region. The optimal combination of plant organs parameters is observed in Armilid, Myar 2 and Pervotselinnik varities.