Деякі структурні, економічні та екологічні аспекти переробки біорозкладальних полімерів

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The specific features of the recycling and utilization of plastic packing processes as well as their influences on an environment were investigated in the article. The modern methods and means to solve the problem of plastic packing in Ukraine and in the world taking into consideration the ecological and economic aspects and their future development were also described.The analysis of the above classifications shows that over the next ten years, it is expected to continue the rapid growth of the global market for plastic materials that has been observed over the past 50 years.The utilization of polymeric packaging is an issue that is very acute, which is why biodegradable materials are the most promising direction of research today. After all, the introduction of various additives that are modified in polymers can significantly increase or decrease their ability to biodegradation. So, complex etheric plasticizers, as a rule, increase the bio-destruction of PVC. However, poor diffusion of a well-biodegradable plasticizer (dibutylphthalate) for the polymer surface eventually leads to poor biosynthesis of PVC. The ability of polymers to decompose and digested by microorganisms depends on a number of their structural characteristics: the corresponding chemical structure, the corresponding physical structure, the lower molecular weight, the greater water absorbing capacity of the polymer, the absence of network connections in the polymer.From an environmental point of view, the application of natural substances for the introduction into the structure of polymeric packaging is analyzed for the purpose of its further decomposition without harm to the environment.The properties of bio-degrading materials are constantly being improved, production volumes are increasing, and therefore the prices for raw materials should be gradually reduced, which will result in utilization of a higher percentage of polymers than it is today.