ВІДКРИТІ ПУБЛІЧНІ ПРОСТОРИ КИЄВА В КОНТЕКСТІ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПРОСТОРОВОГО ПІДХОДУ

Abstract

Urban public spaces determine the identity of the city’s dwellers, ensure the implementation of the communication function. They are constantly changing, characterized by various transformational processes that take place under the influence of various factors in the development of the city. The need for knowledge of contemporary complex and ambiguous processes in cities causes the relevance of the socio-spatial approach to the analysis of the functioning and transformation of public spaces in order to increase the level of comfort of living in cities, and smart management of urban development. In this aspect, Kyiv is a good ground for socio-geographical study of various types of public spaces characterized by intensive traditional and specific transformations. The most significant changes are typical for open public spaces. Therefore, in order to understand the factors of contemporary processes in open public spaces, it is necessary to carry out a socio-spatial analysis of a set of parks, public gardens, boulevards, streets, embankments and squares of the capital. The article presents results of analysis of the peculiarities of Kyiv’s open public spaces functioning and transformation in the context of the socio-spatial approach. The analysis revealed that the network of open public spaces in Kyiv corresponds to the stages of the city’s territorial development. The most widespread directions of open public spaces transformation in Kyiv are commercialization (functioning of objects providing paid cultural and entertainment services), “beautification” (club design, sculpture installation, renovation of street furniture, registration of thematic zones), (home-type behavior of visitors, the use of home decor items), “europeanization” (designing public spaces based on European urban practices), “ideologization”(commemorative practices through giving relevant names to public spaces and/or establishment of monuments), sacralization (restoration or new construction of temples in parks, squares and gardens), orientation towards the potential consumer (differences in planning design and functions depending on location in the urban planning structure) and “elitization” (allocation of facilities with the club effect). These processes make substantial impact on the intensity of the use of open public spaces in different planning zones, changing their functions and prospects of use.