СТИЛЬОВІ ТА ЖАНРОВІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ ГУЦУЛЬСЬКОГО Й ГУРАЛЬСЬКОГО ФОЛЬКЛОРУ В ТВОРЧОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ І ПОЛЬСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to find out the key features for authentic music of the mountain areas in Ukraine and Poland and to characterise the influence of Hutsul and Gural folklore on the work of outstanding Ukrainian and Polish composers in the latter half of the 20th century. The research methodology is based on the theoretical, historical, comparative and analytical methods. The article applies methods of generalisation and concretisation of the scientific material. They are to understand the influence of genre and stylistic elements of Hutsul and Gural folklore on the work of significant Ukrainian and Polish composers. The scientific novelty of the study is in deciding the stylistic and genre elements of Hutsul and Gural folklore in the works of composers of Ukraine and Poland of the research period. The main features of Hutsul folklore, namely free improvisation of the melody line, original rhythm system and unique colouristic, have masterfully transformed into the creative principles and stylistic and genre structure of prominent Ukrainian composers’ musical works. They are V. Barvinsky, N. Nyzhankivsky, M. Kolessa, and A. Kos-Anatolsky. The features of Gural folk melodies can be traced in the genre and style within the works of Polish artists as K. Szymanowski and W. Kilar. The article has learnt that Hutsul and Gural’s folklores are tied by the dance music, lively rhythm and a wide range of variations in melodies. Conclusions. Reinterpretation of the genre and stylistic elements of Hutsul and Gural folk melodies is a force to recreate vivid images of archaic Carpathian folklore in the works of Ukrainian and Polish composers. The works of V. Barvinsky, N. Nizhankovsky, M. Kolessa, K. Shimanovsky and others are patterns of the national musical style, demonstrating the highly artistic transformation of Hutsul and Gural folklore. Kolomyjka in F-sharp minor by N. Nyzhankovsky, Three Kolomyjky by M. Kolessa, Harnasie Ballet by K. Szymanowski introduce new structural and compositional trends based on national traditions.