Abstract
An analysis of the morphological state of the liver was carried out in 160 patients with obstructive jaundice of non-tumor etiology who received treatment in the Novgorod Regional Clinical Hospital and Central City Clinical Hospital. The results of liver biopsy during surgery were studied. Pronounced structural and functional changes in liver tissue were revealed, which were further aggravated due to an increase in the duration of occlusion. In cases with long-term chronic jaundice, after decompression of the bile ducts, sclerotic changes, histiolymphocytic infiltration and proliferating biliary epithelium, fibrosis and foci of hepatocyte necrosis remain in the portal tracts. Ultrastructure analysis revealed changes in the cell membrane, cytoplasmic structures, destruction of mitochondrial membranes, formation of secondary lysosomes, disruption of the integrity of the nuclear membrane and signs of karyolysis. The study of puncture and surgical biopsies for obstructive jaundice makes it possible to establish the form and severity of cholestasis and, along with other diagnostic indicators, affects disease prognosis and the tactics of surgical treatment. Taking the different timing and severity of cholestasis into account, it is necessary to use therapeutic technologies in advance that lead to an improvement in liver morphology.
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