Європейські курорти у ХІХ столітті: візії мандрівників з Наддніпрянської України

Abstract

The article analyzes travel notes, diaries, memoirs, correspondence of a number of travelers from Dnieper Ukraine, who in the XIX century, were traveling to different European countries for treatment and recreation. In the 30's and 40's of the XIX century European resorts were visited by M. Gogol, G. Galagan, M. Rigelman. In the second half of the XIX century O. Kistyakivsky, M. Kostomarov, the Luchytsky family and others went for treatment. In the process of research, in order to reconstruct tourist practices and establish a list of European resorts that were popular with Ukrainians, the following scientific methods were used: internal criticism, historical-genetic, historical-comparative, culturological, descriptive, theoretical generalization. In the process of scientific research it was established that the XIX century became a period of intensification of trips to Europe by representatives of the aristocratic and artistic elite of Dnieper Ukraine. For treatment and rest, they chose mainly German, Czech balneological, Belgian and French climatic resorts. The most popular were Bad Ems, Baden-Baden, Bad Kissingen, Carlsbad, Marienbad, Nice, Ostend. Visiting resorts took place both in summer and in winter. Travelers from Dnieper Ukraine described their stay outside their homeland in detail in travelogues, diaries and memoirs. These sources of personal origin give an idea of the natural conditions and climate of different regions of Europe, tourist routes and architectural monuments; fix the principles of functioning of balneological and climatic medical institutions; partially describe medical practices; determine the place of resorts in the socio-cultural space.