التغيرات البنيوية في الاقتصاد العراقي

Abstract

Any country that is trying to achieve basic economic goals in the forefront of growth and stability and full employment. Economic growth must include quantitative, qualitative and sustained changes in macroeconomic structure over several decades. Because Iraq has enormous human and natural resources, foremost of which is oil, the Iraqi economy has not undergone significant qualitative and quantitative changes in favor of economic growth as a strategic objective, but in a single economy that relies heavily on oil resources.In order to examine the changes in the structure of the Iraqi economy, these changes in the structure of the population were examined from a biological and a literal point of view. Structural changes were also examined in the sectoral distribution of the GDP, the sectoral distribution of the labor force and the structural changes in foreign trade. Changes in population structure were not positive and did not contribute to the desired economic growth. The sectoral distribution of GDP and the sectoral distribution of the labor force was also not positive for achieving major economic objectives. The analysis of changes in the structure of foreign trade, resource use and the structure of aggregate demand in the Iraqi economy shows a decline in the contribution of capital formation in GDP, which is the main driver of economic growth against the growth of the share of total consumption and private sector exports excluding the oil sector.The study concluded that the imbalance in the structure of the Iraqi economy has continued as a result of a number of problems that began in the 1980s as a result of the war with Iran and the ensuing economic siege throughout the 1990s, as well as the instability of the security and political situation since 2003.