Изучение методов оперативного лечения травматических разрывов слезных канальцев

Abstract

Despite the fact that the injury of the lacrimal canaliculi occupies about 3.5% of the pathology of lacrimal drainage, the problem of restoring them while maintaining patency is a rather urgent problem of dacryology. The use of traditional methods of patency restoration with the use of a «pig tail» type probe can lead to injury to the mucous membrane of the lacrimal canaliculi or the formation of false passages. Sometimes, with successful recanalization after removal of stents from the lacrimal tract in the postoperative period, it is possible to preserve their obstruction and the manifestation of symptoms of lacrimation. The aim of our work was to evaluate various methods of surgical treatment of patients with lacrimal canaliculi ruptures after their injury. The materials and methods of the study were presented variants of surgical aids performed in patients with lacrimal canaliculi damage. In total, we examined 28 patients: 16 in the first and 12 in the second group, respectively. The purpose of the applied surgical aids was the reconstruction of the lacrimal canaliculi and their simultaneous stenting using various techniques. After the surgical aid and prolonged stenting, we differentially evaluated the functional result in the study groups. As a «positive» result of the study, not only anatomical restoration of patency of the lacrimal pathways was accepted, but also the absence of lacrimation in patients. As a result of our work, we concluded about the anatomical and functional effect of the studied methods of surgical treatment in groups of patients with different severity of injury and different methods of treatment in patients with traumatic pathology of lacrimal drainage. As a conclusion of the study, a differentiated approach to choosing a surgical aid for traumatic damage to the lacrimal canaliculi is proposed. Keywords: lacrimal canaliculus injury, lacrimal canaliculi stenting, bicanalicular and bicanaliculonasal intubation, epiphora