Перспективи розвитку галузі «відновлювана енергетика» в Україні

Abstract

Problem setting. The depletion of natural resources and global climate change have stimulated countries around the world to seek new energy sources. The timeliness of development and use of energy from renewable sources is an urgent task, regardless of the state of industrial development of the country. An urgent issue in the context of state regulation, in the formation and development of a new system of energy resources, is the timely identification of objects to which the regulatory influence of the state and determine their place in the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine, to ensure energy balance and security.Recent research and publications analysis. Economic and organizational issues of development of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine, optimization of energy saving policy, formation of fuel and energy balances at the state and individual regions, industries were considered in studies of domestic and foreign scientists: V. Geyts, J. Zhalil, A. Shidlovsky, V. Shlemko, B. Piriashvili, B. Chirkiv, I. Chukaeva, L. Melentyeva, A. Yufa.The direct impact of renewable energy sources on the economic, social, educational spheres was studied by such scientists as: O. Yeliseyeva, N. Ryazanova, D. Busarev, A. Kumachova, S. Kudrya, E. Rybnikova, O. Stoyan and others. We fully agree with the scientists of the Institute of Renewable Energy (Kudrya 2011, p.15) that: "the development of a new energy sector based on renewable sources requires a training base for training."However, the vast majority of scientists consider renewable energy, either as part of alternative energy, or as a specific field of energy without distinguishing it as an industry that is formed, developed and affects the lives of everyone.The paper objective - to scientifically substantiate perspective directions of development of renewable energy and to define basic signs of formation of branch of renewable energy.The paper main body. The main task of state regulation in the energy sector is to ensure the energy balance of the country, which is possible under the conditions of recognition and consideration of the capacity of each industry.Thorough research has shown that the renewable energy sector is being formed in Ukraine, which is an integral part of the energy sector. Back in 2012, in his works (Kudrya, 2012, p.38; Kudrya, 2011, p.9.), The scientist, member of the presidium of the Academy of Sciences and director of the Institute of Renewable Energy S. Kudrya emphasized that: “large-scale development of energy from renewable sources will create a new environmentally safe energy sector, which will increase the level of diversification of energy resources and strengthen the energy and environmental security of the state. "The rapid growth of RES generation and the unguaranteed schedule of renewable electricity production have created risks to the operation of the energy system, which has stimulated the search for new solutions at the legislative level. Legislative initiatives have made it possible to identify changes that affect the further development of the infrastructure sector of the fuel and energy complex of Ukraine and identify three components: energy efficiency, balancing, transmission - distribution.Conclusions of the research. The basic features of the renewable energy industry have been identified, namely: the absence of traditional primary fossil raw materials; conversion of renewable natural resources into electricity and heat; environmental friendliness of the energy conversion process. It is proposed to define the renewable energy sector as an energy sector engaged in the production and use of renewable energy. It is characterized by a set of generating power and heat stations (enterprises) of ecological conversion of renewable energy sources into electricity and heat.