Abstract

지능형 차량 네트워크(VANET)는 차량 간 (V2V, Vehicle to Vehicle) 또는 차량과 노변장치간 (V2I, Vehicle to Infrastructure)의 통신을 통해 서비스를 제공하는 기술이다. 지능형 차량 네트워크는 통신을 통해 유통되는 정보의 중요성을 고려해 볼 때 메시지의 인증 및 보안은 필수적인 요건이다. 현재 VANET의 보안성을 향상시키기 위해 다양한 인증기법이 연구되고 있다. 그중에서도 RAISE scheme은 차량 밀집환경에서의 인증을 익명으로 수행한다. 하지만 스킴에 사용된 기법인 k-anonymity는 익명성을 제공하는 대신 차량의 ID를 얻기 위해 불필요한 전수조사 연산을 수행해야 한다. 본 논문에서는 차량 간의 통신에 사용되는 무선 신호세기의 특성을 이용하여 위치기반 인증 및 암호화 기법을 제시하며 알고리즘의 정확도를 향상시키기 위해 3차원 상에서의 위치 선정 기법을 적용한다. Vehicular Ad Hoc Network(VANET) is a communication technology between vehicles and vehicles(V2V) or vehicles and infrastructures(V2I) for offering a number of practical applications. Considering the importance of communicated information through VANET, data authentication, confidentiality and integrity are fundamental security elements. Recently, to enhance a security of VANET in various circumstances, message authentication is widely researched by many laboratories. Among of them, Zhang. et. al. is an efficient method to authenticate the message with condition of anonymity in dense space. In the scheme, to obtain the vehicular ID with condition of anonymity, the k-anonymity is used. However it has a disadvantage, which conducts hash operations in case of determining the vehicular ID. In the paper, we present a location based algorithm using received signal strength for the location based authentication and encryption technique as well, and to enhance the accuracy of algorithm we apply a location determination technique over the 3-dimensional space.

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