Abstract
Recently, vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) embark a great deal of attention in the area of wireless and communication technology and are becoming one of the prominent research areas in the intelligent transportation system (ITS) because they provide safety and precautionary measures to the drivers and passengers, respectively. VANETs are quite different from the mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) in terms of characteristics, challenges, system architecture, and their application. In this paper, we summarize the recent state-of-the-art methods of VANETs by discussing their architecture, security, and challenges. Secondly, we discuss the detailed analysis of security schemes and the possible measures to provide secure communication in VANETs. Then, we comprehensively cover the authentication schemes, which is able to protect the vehicular network from malicious nodes and fake messages. Thus, it provides security in VANETs. Thirdly, we cover the mobility and network simulators, as well as other simulation tools, followed by the performance of authentication schemes. Finally, we discuss the comfort and safety applications of VANETs. In sum, this paper comprehensively covers the entire VANET system and its applications by filling the gaps of existing surveys and incorporating the latest trends in VANETs.
Highlights
In today's digital world, intelligent transportation system (ITS) plays a very important role in making the life of the citizens easy in every facet
ITS aims to achieve higher tra c e ciency by minimizing tra c problems and controlling unpleasant events. e ITS o ers pervasive and robust services in terms of providing road and tra c safeties, reducing tra c congestion and improving tra c ow, and providing entertainment services on the vehicles, etc. [1]. e automotive industry realizes the need of the vehicle to be connected with the IT system; for example, communication between the vehicles increases the tra c safety and optimizes the tra c ow [2]. is is performed to meet the demands and broaden the recognition event of vehicles, which cannot be possible by sensors [2]
vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is a type of MANET with road routes, which depends on registration mechanism, roadside units (RSUs), and onboard units (OBUs) [4]. e OBUs are the radios that are installed in every vehicle as a transmitter to communicate with each vehicle, while RSUs are installed along the street with network devices
Summary
In today's digital world, intelligent transportation system (ITS) plays a very important role in making the life of the citizens easy in every facet. In order to effectively apply VANETs in wireless communication technology, security and privacy issues must be handled efficiently by introducing sophisticated algorithms to tackle all kinds of threats and attacks. To address these issues, several research studies have been proposed in terms of authentication and privacy schemes for the VANET system. Many researchers have proposed different methods to develop a secure network for the VANETs. Recently, several surveys related to VANETs have been published, which covered the detailed overview and mechanism of VANETs such as characteristics, security, privacy, attacks, and threats, but still they lack some features and there are shortcomings in these surveys.
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