ДЕГРАДАЦІЙНА СИЛА КАЛЬКИ

Abstract

The article highlights the structural-semantic and functional-motivational description of the degradation of the calque element widely used in modern mass media – radio, television, press, office work and everyday speech as diverse representatives of Ukrainian society: radio and TV presenters, scientists, people’s deputies, writers, musicians, athletes, which took root as a result of long assimilation processes, when Ukraine was under the rule of Tsarist Russia, and then the USSR. This linguistic acquisition, due to such conditions, was inherited in the broadcasting of residents of sovereign Ukraine and potentially continues to function in the most influential mass media for the formation of speech culture. Such protracted process of assimilation purification and restoration of the historically established Ukrainian language general literary norms of oral and written speech is due to the reorientation of the Russian-speaking population to the state language of independent Ukraine under martial law with the Russian Federation and the lack of highly intelligent employees of radio and TV channels. And although linguists have prepared and published enough educational and reference literature for the educational process of secondary and higher educational institutions, however, insufficient attention was paid to the issue of clearing assimilative calque elements of the Russian language, especially those that in the context could clearly distinguish semantic concepts about quality, since this word is polysemous. Moreover, mastering the native language in the professional direction with the annual reduction in the number of hours can not give the full and harmonious knowledge of the language culture that every member of the modern spiritually renewed society should receive and improve during their life in order to get rid of those Surzhik twists that have become the chronic speech disease of Ukrainianness, which has won independence and defends it by the power of its freedom-loving word.