Протизапальні властивості омега-3 довголанцюгових поліненасичених жирних кислот

Abstract

Aim - to study the levels polyunsaturated fatty acids in cohort of primary school children with school maladjustment as one of the mechanisms for increasing the protective capabilities of the child's body. Materials and methods. The observational study included 101 children aged 6-8 years, 74 of whom had manifestations of school maladjustment and were free of acute and chronic diseases at the time of the study and were regularly observed in outpatient settings and 27 children - without manifestations of maladaptation. There are levels of blood lipid, vitamin D, polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids were investigated. Laboratory tests were performed according to the standard methodology in a certified laboratory. To correct the detected disorders of the blood lipid spectrum, the drug "Smart Omega for Children" was used, 2 capsules per day for 2 months. Statistical processing of the data obtained was done by application package "Statistica 10.0 for Windows" (he method of variation statistics). Results. In this study, children with manifestations of school maladjustment who have increasing of acute respiratory morbidity: children suffered from 2 to 6 episodes of the acute respiratory disease during the first 4 months. It was discovered the marked imbalance of fatty acids with a predominance of saturated fatty acids and a marked deficiency of unsaturated ones In children, regardless of the presence of manifestations of school maladjustment. At the same time, there is an imbalance of omega-3 and omega-6 (1:15 and 1:13, respectively). The analysis of the average values of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the blood of children shows a significant decreasing of docosahexaenoic and linoleic acids and an increasing in arachidonic acid in the group of children with school maladjustment. Conclusions. The results obtained in the study indicate the presence of a marked deficiency of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in primary school children with manifestations of school maladjustment. Comprehensive correction with supplementation of the diet with omega-3 preparations contributed to the normalization of the identified disorders, a decrease in the frequency of respiratory diseases, and, as a result, improved the processes of immune defense and the protective capabilities of the child's body during the period of adaptation to school. An analysis of the results of many scientific studies on the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immunity and their anti-inflammatory properties confirmed their effectiveness. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.