Характеристики повітряного гвинта квадрокоптера

Abstract

The subject of the study is the characteristics of the quadrocopter propeller. The object of the study is a two-blade propeller of a quadrocopter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency, acoustic characteristics of the propeller of a quadrocopter and optimize the angles of laying out carbon fiber with minimization of deflection. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: simulation of the flow in a two-blade propeller of a quadrocopter in a given range of rotation frequencies; calculation of the efficiency of a two-blade propeller of a quadrocopter; calculation of the level of acoustic pressure of the studied propeller; and calculation of the deflection of a two-blade propeller of a quadrocopter at different angles of carbon laying out. The study of the flow in the propeller was carried out using the method of numerical experiment. The calculation for the deflection was carried out on the basis of the aerodynamic characteristics of the propeller using the method of a numerical experiment. The level of acoustic pressure L was estimated at 1 m from the source of acoustic radiation (screw). Results: the optimal mode of operation with a maximum efficiency is observed at a speed of 9000 rpm. and reaches a value of 0.853. At the minimum investigated speed of 3000 rpm. The propeller efficiency has the lowest value and is 0.638. With an increase in the speed of the rotor of the engine, the efficiency of the propeller gradually increases. With the increase of rotational speed from 9000 rpm. up to 10000 rpm. the efficiency decreases from 0.853 to 0.833. Estimation of the level of acoustic pressure of the studied two-bladed propeller showed that the rotation frequency had a significant effect on the level of acoustic pressure of the propeller. With an increase in rotational speed from 3000 rpm. up to 10000 rpm. propeller acoustic pressure-level increases from 56.62 dB to 90.57 dB. The calculation results showed that the deflection of the propeller blades under study depends on the laying angles of the carbon fiber layers. Blade deflection varies from 0.76 mm to 0.821 mm. The greatest deflection of the blades was achieved with the option of laying out layers of carbon fiber 0°/30°, the smallest - at angles of 0°/80°. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the conducted research is that new data on the characteristics of a two-blade quadrocopter propeller have been obtained. The data obtained will help create and optimize the parameters of a two-bladed quadrocopter propeller.