МЕХАНІЗМИ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ОБМІНУ ДАНИМИ

Abstract

The article analyzes the foreign and domestic practice of regulating the exchange and use of data as an important intangible asset, which is a tool for managing economic and social processes. It is determined that the use of data becomes especially relevant in crisis situations, when in order to reduce the level of uncertainty and the impact of risks it is necessary to make urgent decisions in the interests of society as a whole, taking into account many internal and external factors. It is classified data by sources of origin, nature of use and impact on economic and social processes, conditions and mechanisms for effective data exchange between public and private sectors, as well as cross-border data exchange. The objective need to strengthen the requirements for mechanisms for regulating the exchange and use of data in order to increase management capacity, efficiency of economic activity and the functioning of society has been proved. The main tasks of regulating the circulation and use of data are identified, the directions of improving the existing organizational and legal forms of interaction between the public and private sectors in the field of data, as well as the mechanisms of the data market. The criteria for assessing the effectiveness of open data portals are determined, the directions of improvement of the state open data portal of Ukraine are substantiated. The basic scheme of organization of public-private partnership in the field of data exchange and use is developed, the necessity of legislative regulation of spheres of responsibility and establishment of clear rules of interaction of partners on maintenance of fair and safe conditions of data exchange is proved. In order to increase the social value of data, the main provisions and directions of practical implementation of the concept of «data of general interest» are revealed, the mechanisms of voluntary and mandatory exchange of them are identified. It is proved that such data exchange is of paramount importance for national security, combating epidemics and natural disasters, protecting the environment, meeting public needs and accelerating the socio-economic development of the country as a whole.