Abstract
The cave Askinskaya (Askynskaya, Ledyanaya) contains the largest perennial hydrogenic ice in the territory of the Southern Urals. It is shown that the soil and horizontal hydrogenic ice are the main reservoirs for storing microorganisms in the cave, and the microbial pool is replenished mainly due to recreational load, but natural ways – rain, melt water and air from the surface also make a certain contribution. From all the ecotopes of the cave (soil, water occurrences, rock surfaces and aerial environment), 72 species of microscopic fungi (D – 0.69), sterile forms and yeast were isolated. Yeast fungi and species of Geomyces pannorum (d – 0.83), Acremonium charticola, Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium aurantiuogriseum were found in all ecological niches with a high frequency of abundance / occurrence. The greatest variety of microscopic fungi is observed in the air (57 species), most species are introduced from the surface, settle on walls, ice, soil and, due to low temperatures, retain their viability in the cavity for a long time.
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