Изменчивость шишек сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.), произрастающей в географических культурах Архангельской области

Abstract

The study results of phenotypic variability of Scots pine cones climatype (23 variants) in provenance trials in the Plesetsk forestry of the Arkhangelsk region, created in 1977, are given. The distribution of cones in the collection of provenance according to the forms of the apophysis proposed by Pravdin L.F. is presented, linear parameters, mass, shape coefficient and density of cones are determined. Pine provenances were conditionally divided into two groups depending on the geographical coordinates of the original plantations — western (with a latitudinal localization of climates from 68 to 55 degrees. N., but close in longitude) and eastern (with a longitude localization of climates from 40 to 73 degrees. E., but close in latitude) groups. In both groups, the distribution of cones according to the forms of the apophysis has a similar structure, the form of the apophysis f. gibba is most pronounced. The severity of the shape of the apophysis of the cone can be associated with the genetic features of the species and with the conditions of the growth place of the original plantations. Significant correlation connections between shape of cones apophysis with temperature climatic indices are established. In the collection of provenances, when growing under the same type of conditions, the length and width of the cone are equalized between offspring, however, the increase in the mass of the bump and the decrease in its density are under great genetic control, although it is associated with the geographical origin of the offspring.