Биологический эффект эфирного масла Origanum vulgare L. на фоне жирных растительных масел в качестве кормовой добавки для крыс

Abstract

Origanum vulgare L. essential oil has an inhibitory effect on a number of gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria. The dosage of essential oil sufficient for the preventive effect is so minimal that for its optimal presence in feed, a basis for its breeding should be formed. Such a basis are black mustard and linseed fatty oils. The choice of the studied set of oils is justified by the availability of plant material of these types of cultivated plants on the Crimean Peninsula due to their active cultivation. The main goal is to study the morphological and histological features of the stomach and liver, as well as the serum bactericidal activity (SBA) of rats at the background of the introduction of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil into the diet in combination with Brassica nigra (L.) W. D. J. Koch and Linum usitatissimum L. fatty oils acting as a basis. In most experimental groups, there was a significant increase in the thickness of the gastric mucosa due to an increase in the depth of the glands in the groups against the background of mustard oil at a dosage of oregano oil 0,01 ml (up to 646,70 microns) and 0,02 ml (up to 648,4 microns) and flax with a dosage of oregano essential oil 0,02 ml. The height of the integumentary covered epithelium significantly decreases in the experimental groups. The area of the lining cells increases. The mucous membrane thickness in the esophageal part of the stomach of rats decreases, achieving significant differences in the groups with the use of linseed oil against the background of a decrease in the thickness of the germ layer. The area of hepatocytes of all experimental groups in the peripheral part of the hepatic lobule significantly increases to 362,5–387,2 mm2 when using mustard oil and to 400,7–419,6 mm2 – on the background of linseed oil. A similar pattern occurs in the central part of the hepatic lobule, which indicates the absence of pathological phenomena in the liver. The highest SBA values with a double dosage of flax oil and oregano essential oil for 20 days are observed. The addition of a mixture of black mustard fatty oil and oregano essential oil to the feed causes the highest SBA values when consumed for 20 days, both in single and double dosages against the background of S. aureus and E. coli test cultures.