Мелиорация земель как научная дисциплина

Abstract

Purpose: to present land reclamation as a branch of science. Methods: the classification structure and the main idea of the scientific discipline based on the analysis of scientific publications are substantiated. Results. The subject (agricultural land or land intended for involvement in agricultural circulation), the object (hierarchical reclamation system) and the main research method (systematic approach) of the scientific discipline have been specified. Its structure is represented by the classification of types and kinds of land reclamation, and the main idea is an organized diagram of relationships between methodology, main scientific problems (new generation reclamation systems, perfect reclamation systems, general theory of reclamation systems), management of all types of reclamation systems based on information technologies created with the help of GIS technologies, as well as improvement of reclamation systems. Improvement is carried out with the help of a recreated network of reclamation systems – analogues, developing technologies and means of operation, repair, construction and reconstruction of hydro reclamation and agroforestry reclamation systems, as well as systems of other types or kinds of land reclamation and recultivation. After research, analysis and verification of the data obtained, the regulatory basis governing land reclamation is replenished and updated. The fund of the regulatory basis is made up of informative documents on hydro-reclamation, agroforestry reclamation, agro-reclamation, cultural, technical and chemical reclamation of agricultural lands. Conclusions. The object, subject and main research method of the scientific branch “Land reclamation” have been specified. The structure of this branch of science is represented by the classification of the main types and kinds of land reclamation. The main idea of the discipline lies in the hierarchy of relations of methodology, basic scientific problems, issues of management of land reclamation systems and their improvement.